In the later years of the 1980s, Iraq had a refining industry among the firsts in the region with a well-established contribution to the economic and technological advancement of the country.
But the years of wars and sanctions took their toll not only on the investment in the expansion of the industry but on the wellbeing of the then existing refineries and their ability to produce marketable products matching the evolution of specifications worldwide.
According to the International Energy Agency’s (IEA) “Iraq Energy Outlook”, the refining capacity in Iraq stands at 960 thousand barrels a day (kbd) but operating at 670 kbd in June 2012. In fact since 2003 the refineries were hardly operating beyond 60 to 70 per cent of capacity.
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